Series 65 Cheat Sheet

The thresholds, periods, and exemptions worth memorizing cold. Hit ⌘P to print on one page.

Registration tiers — AUM

< $25M AUMSTATE only (small adviser)
$25M – $100MSTATE (mid-size). Exceptions: NY → SEC; no home-state exam → SEC
$100M – $110MCHOICE — state or SEC
≥ $110MSEC required (large adviser)
AUM falls below $90MMust withdraw from SEC, register with state

Dollar thresholds

$1MAccredited investor — net worth (excl. primary residence)
$200K / $300KAccredited investor — income (single / joint), past 2 yrs
$1.1MQualified client — AUM with the adviser
$2.2MQualified client — net worth (excl. primary residence)
$5MQualified purchaser — individual investments
$25M+Qualified purchaser — other entities (investments, not net worth)
$25MMid-size IA threshold (lower bound)
$100M / $110M / $90MSEC registration threshold / buffer(110 up / 90 down)
$200MPension consultant SEC threshold
$10,000CTR cash reporting trigger; first-home IRA exception ($10K lifetime)
$50,000Max 401(k)-style loan (or 50% of vested balance, lesser of)
$19,000Annual gift tax exclusion per recipient (2025)
$13.99MLifetime gift/estate tax exemption per person (2025)
$3,000Cap loss offset against ordinary income per year
$7,000 / +$1,000IRA contribution / 50+ catch-up (2025)
$23,500 / +$7,500401(k) elective / 50+ catch-up (60–63: $11,250 super)
$70,000SEP / Solo 401(k) overall annual limit (2025)
$500/yearImpersonal advice de minimis — no IA reg needed
$350 / $150Pay-to-play de minimis political contribution (can vote / cannot)

Time periods

24 hoursReg FD — unintentional disclosure remedy window
2 business daysForm 4 — insider transaction reporting
3 business daysInadvertent custody — return check to avoid custody
10 business daysDiscretion — must be in writing after first oral use
30 daysRegistration effective; Form U5 (BD departure); Form BD update
60 daysQualified dividend holding period (within 121-day window)
90 daysForm ADV annual updating amendment after fiscal year-end
120 daysMaterial change communication to clients (calendar year-end + 120)
180 minutesSeries 65 exam — total time
5 yearsBooks and records retention; criminal statute of limitations
3 / 2 yearsCivil SOL under USA: 3 from sale / 2 from discovery
10 yearsDisqualifying misdemeanor lookback

Percentages

72%Series 65 passing score (94 of 130)
5%Markup/markdown guideline (FINRA 5% policy)
25%SEP IRA — max % of compensation (capped at $70K)
10%Early withdrawal penalty (under 59½) on most retirement accounts
3.8%Net Investment Income Tax (MAGI > $200K single / $250K joint)
7.5%Medical expenses threshold (% of AGI) for 10% penalty exception
100%Roth conversion taxable (full amount)

Key forms

Form ADV Part 1Adviser identity, AUM, ownership, disciplinary history
Form ADV Part 2ABrochure — plain English narrative (firm)
Form ADV Part 2BBrochure supplement (specific IAR's background)
Form ADV-WWithdrawal from registration
Form U4IAR initial registration (Uniform Application)
Form U5IAR termination notice (filed within 30 days)
Form BD / BDWBroker-dealer registration / withdrawal
Form DReg D private placement notice (within 15 days of first sale)

USA vs IAA40 — what's where

State (USA §301)Securities registration in each state of offer/sale
State (USA §401)Definitions: 'broker-dealer', 'agent', 'IA', 'IAR'
Federal (IAA40 §202)Definition of 'investment adviser'
Federal (IAA40 §203A)SEC vs state registration split (Dodd-Frank)
Federal (IAA40 §205)Advisory contracts: assignment, performance fees, partnership notice
Federal (Rule 204-3)Brochure delivery: before or at contract
Federal (Rule 206(4)-2)Custody — qualified custodian, surprise exam, notices
Federal (Rule 206(4)-5)Pay-to-play — 2-year time-out; $350/$150 de minimis

Safe harbors & exclusions

LATE — Lawyers, Accountants, Teachers, EngineersUSA §202(a)(11) IA exclusion when advice is incidental
BANC — Banks, Agents (BD), Newspapers, Credentialed pubsIA exclusions / not BD
Inadvertent custody return ≤ 3 daysReturning misaddressed check within 3 business days = no custody
Direct fee deduction + custodian sends statementsCustody exists but full surprise exam exempt